《植物生理学报》 2021, 57(4): 899-909
结荚期和饱果期花生耐盐碱性鉴定与评价
通信作者：李春娟；E-mail: peanutlab@163.com；单世华；E-mail: shansh1971@163.com
摘 要：
为明确大田条件下不同花生品种的耐盐碱性差异, 筛选适宜滨海盐碱地种植的花生品种。以22个花生育成品种(系)为材料, 设置东营滨海盐碱地和小清河南正常试验点处理, 测定结荚期和饱果期的主茎高、侧枝长、地上部干重、地下部干重、单株产量、百果重和百仁重, 采用基于隶属函数的D值进行耐盐碱能力综合评价。盐碱胁迫对22个品种(系)的农艺性状、生物量和产量指标均有显著影响, 结荚期和饱果期各指标的变异系数分别为10.4%~26.4%和10.4%~24.6%, 不同品种的耐盐碱能力差异较大, 饱果期的耐盐碱能力高于结荚期。盐碱地条件下单株产量与百果重、百仁重显著正相关, 与主茎高、侧枝长、地下部干重、地上部干重正相关。 ‘花育9312’在结荚期和饱果期的平均D值最高, ‘花育6303’ ‘花育9305’和‘花育9310’次之, 为耐盐碱花生品种, 可在黄河三角洲滨海盐碱地进一步推广示范。
关键词：花生; 结荚期; 饱果期; 耐盐碱; 鉴定
收稿：2020-10-22 修定：2020-12-09
资助：泰山学者特聘专家项目(ts201712080)、农业科研杰出人才及其创新团队培养(13190194)、国家自然科学基金(31901506)、山东省 农业产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-04-02)、青岛市民生科技计划(17-3-3-49-nsh)和山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2016A01)
Corresponding author: LI Chunjuan; E-mail: peanutlab@163.com; SHAN Shihua; E-mail: shansh1971@163.com
Abstract:
It is necessary to systematically identify the variation of saline-alkali tolerance among different peanut cultivars under field conditions and to screen suitable varieties for coastal saline-alkali land. In 2016 and 2017, a total of 22 newly elite peanut cultivars were tested in saline-alkali soil of Dongying and normal soil in the south of Xiaoqing River. Seven trait indices, including of main stem height (MSH), branch length (BL), shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), yield per plant (YP), 100-pod weight (100-PW) and 100-seed weight (100-SW), were separately measured at pod-setting and pod-flling stages. D-value based on subordinate function method was used to comprehensively evaluate the saline-alkali tolerance of all materials. The results showed that saline-alkali stress had signifcant effects on agronomic traits, biomass, and yield indexes of 22 cultivars. The coefcients of variation in each index were respectively 10.4%-26.4% and 10.4%-24.6% at pod-setting stage and pod-flling stage. There were great differences among tested materials and the tolerance of pod-flling stage is essentially higher than that of pod-setting stage. Under saline-alk ali stress, yield per plant had signifcantly positive correlation with 100-pod weight and 100-seed weight. Additionally, yield per plant was positively related to main stem height, branch length, root dry weight and shoot dry weight. Average D-value of ‘huayu9312’ was the highest at two growth stages, followed by ‘huayu6303’, ‘huayu9305’ and ‘huayu9310’. They were identifed as the strong saline-alkali tolerant varieties, which could be widely planted in the coastal saline-alkali area of the Yellow River Delta.
Key words: peanut; pod-setting stage; pod-flling stage; saline-alkali tolerance; identifcation
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